Enquête au cœur de l’intelligence artificielle, ses promesses et ses périls - Le Monde

L’être humain est-il menacé par la technologie ? La machine risque-t-elle de le dominer ? Notre dossier spécial pour faire le tri entre fantasmes et réalité.

L’intelligence artificielle (IA) est à la mode. Rien que dans Le Monde et sur Lemonde.fr, le sujet a été évoqué dans 200 articles en 2017, soit presque 15 % de plus qu’en 2016. Il en a été question dans tous les domaines : en économie, en science, et même en politique, puisque le premier ministre, Edouard Philippe, a confié une mission sur la question au député (LRM) mathématicien Cédric Villani, dont les conclusions sont attendues en janvier.

Il reste à savoir ce que cache ce terme. Bien sûr, il y a ces fantastiques percées montrant que des machines surpassent désormais l’homme dans des tâches spécifiques. Dans le secteur de la santé, elles repèrent mieux que les médecins des mélanomes ou des tumeurs du sein sur des images médicales. Dans le transport, elles causent moins d’accidents que des chauffeurs. Sans compter les autres avancées : la reconnaissance vocale, l’art du jeu (poker, go), l’écriture, la peinture ou la musique. En coulisse de ce monde si particulier s’activent les géants du numérique (Google, Facebook, Amazon, Microsoft, IBM, Baidu…) ou des start-up désireuses de leur voler la vedette.

AI, Bias, PrejudiceBrigitte BellanJanuary 1, 2018Le MONDE, AI, BIAS, CEDRIC VILLANI

Microsoft Researcher Details The Real-World Dangers Of Algorithm Bias

However quickly artificial intelligence evolves, however steadfastly it becomes embedded in our lives -- in health, law enforcement, sex, etc. -- it can't outpace the biases of its creators, humans. Microsoft Researcher Kate Crawford delivered an incredible keynote speech, titled "The Trouble with Bias" at Spain's Neural Information Processing System Conference on Tuesday.

Bias, Biased decisions, Academic, AI, Gender Bias, PrejudiceBrigitte BellanDecember 11, 2017Gizmodo, Kate Crawford, Bias, Selection Bias, Microsoft

Read YouTube CEO Susan Wojcicki’s Response to the Controversial Google Anti-Diversity Memo - Fortune

Yesterday, after reading the news, my daughter asked me a question. “Mom, is it true that there are biological reasons why there are fewer women in tech and leadership?”

That question, whether it’s been asked outright, whispered quietly, or simply lingered in the back of someone’s mind, has weighed heavily on me throughout my career in technology. Though I’ve been lucky to work at a company where I’ve received a lot of support—from leaders like Larry Page, Sergey Brin, Eric Schmidt, and Jonathan Rosenberg to mentors like Bill Campbell—my experience in the tech industry has shown me just how pervasive that question is.

Gender Bias, Prejudice, SexismBrigitte BellanAugust 26, 2017Susan Wojcicki, Fortune, Google, YouTube

We tested bots like Siri and Alexa to see who would stand up to sexual harassment -Quartz

Women have been made into servants once again. Except this time, they’re digital.

Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, Microsoft’s Cortana, and Google’s Google Home peddle stereotypes of female subservience—which puts their “progressive” parent companies in a moral predicament.

People often comment on the sexism inherent in these subservient bots’ female voices, but few have considered the real-life implications of the devices’ lackluster responses to sexual harassment. By letting users verbally abuse these assistants without ramifications, their parent companies are allowing certain behavioral stereotypes to be perpetuated. Everyone has an ethical imperative to help prevent abuse, but companies producing digital female servants warrant extra scrutiny, especially if they can unintentionally reinforce their abusers’ actions as normal or acceptable.

The Global Search for Education: How Are We Doing On The Gender Agenda? – Millennials Weigh In

Posted By C. M. Rubin on Jul 27, 2017

In an interview with CMRubinWorld, Dr. Linda Scott, Emeritus DP World Chair for Entrepreneurship and Innovation at the Said Business School, University of Oxford, reminds us that the gender gap is everywhere, “real and measurable” and not a “figment of some feminist’s imagination.” The global research confirms that gender inequality “retards economic growth, perpetuates poverty,” and “is bad for families.”

Is Your AI Racist? - American Banker

WASHINGTON — The question of whether an algorithm making underwriting decisions can be racially biased has long gnawed at lenders fearful of inadvertently running afoul of consumer protection laws. Now, the question has sparked interest from Congress.

AI, Prejudice, Racism, Gender BiasBrigitte BellanJuly 2, 2017American Banker, Law, Congress

AI robots learning racism, sexism, and other prejudices from humans, study finds - The Independent

Artificially intelligent robots and devices are being taught to be racist, sexist and otherwise prejudiced by learning from humans, according to new research.

A massive study of millions of words online looked at how closely different terms were to each other in the text – the same way that automatic translators use “machine learning” to establish what language means.

Some of the results were stunning.

AI programs exhibit racial and gender biases, research reveals - Guardian

Machine learning algorithms are picking up deeply ingrained race and gender prejudices concealed within the patterns of language use, scientists say.

An artificial intelligence tool that has revolutionised the ability of computers to interpret everyday language has been shown to exhibit striking gender and racial biases.

The findings raise the spectre of existing social inequalities and prejudices being reinforced in new and unpredictable ways as an increasing number of decisions affecting our everyday lives are ceded to automatons.

In the past few years, the ability of programs such as Google Translate to interpret language has improved dramatically. These gains have been thanks to new machine learning techniques and the availability of vast amounts of online text data, on which the algorithms can be trained.

However, as machines are getting closer to acquiring human-like language abilities, they are also absorbing the deeply ingrained biases concealed within the patterns of language use, the latest research reveals.

AI, Gender Bias, Stereotypes, PrejudiceBrigitte BellanJune 29, 2017Academic, University of Bath